Power, Trust, and Knowledge-sharing Behavior Model Scale 权力，信任和知识分享模型量表

简介

权力是指改变个人或团体行为的能力。构成基础有法定权、强制权、奖赏权、专长权和表率权。 1.合法权是指组织中各职位所固有的合法的、正式的权力。来自一个人在组织中的职位，代表一个人在正式层级中占据某一职位所相应得到的一种权力。 2.强制权是建立在惧怕之上的权力。一个人对不遵从上级意图所可能产生的负面结果的惧怕，促使他对这种权力作出反应。 3.奖赏权是指一个能给他人施以他们认为有价值的奖赏的人，就对这些人拥有一种权力，即奖赏权。 4.专家权是来自特殊技能或专门知识的一种影响力。 5.参考权，在一个组织中，总有某些人的行为、思想可以作为其他人的表率，由于他们具有某种超人的禀赋，或者好的品质、作风、学识，受到别人的敬佩和赞誉，愿意模仿和服从他。

信任涉及一个社会的基本秩序,它能提供稳定的心理预期,从而抵消一部分由于信息不对称所产生的交易费用。本模型主要指制度信任(institution-based trust)：是建立在制度基础之上的信任，以人与个人/制度交往中所受到的规范准则、法纪制度的管束制约为基础。

知识分享是知识分享者与接受者之间的一种沟通过程，知识分享者通过演讲、教授、著作等方式将自身知识外部化，知识接受者通过倾听、模仿、阅读等方式将接受到的知识内部化。这种沟通可以帮助组织成员快速理解、掌握对方所拥有的信息、经验和技能，并引发思考，促进组织内部新知识的产生。

信度与效度

Liao,L.-F. (2008)使用的都是已经经过验证的量表，先对19名研发工程师进行了预实验，正式实验时，Liao,L.-F. (2008)给三家制造业公司的460名工程师发送了电子邮件，各分量表的合成信度在0.7721-0.9052之间,方差解释率为60.53%-78.22%。

量表

请您根据自己的实际感受和体会，用下面28项描述对您的感受进行评价和判断，并在最符合的数字上划○。评价和判断的标准如下： 1 非常不同意 2 不同意 3 不太确定 4 同意 5 非常同意

1.I feel my manager can increase my salary.
2.I feel my manager can influence my getting a pay raise.
3.I feel my manager can provide me with special benefits.
4.I feel my manager can influence my getting a promotion.
5.I feel my manager can give me undesired job assignment.
6.I feel my manager can make my work difficult for me.
7.I feel my manager can make things unpleasant here.
8.I feel my manager can make being at work distasteful.
9.I feel my manager can make me feel that I have commitments to meet.
10.I feel my manager can make me feel like I should satisfy my job requirement.
11.I feel my manager can give me the feeling I have responsibilities to fulfill.
12.I feel my manager can make me recognize that I have tasks to accomplish.
13.I feel my manager can make me feel valued.
14.I feel my manager can make me feel like he/she approves of me.
15.I feel my manager can make me feel personally accepted.
16.I feel my manager can make me feel important.
17.I feel my manager can give me good technical suggestions.
18.I feel my manager can share with me his/her considerable experience and training.
19.I feel my manager can provide me with sound job-related advice.
20.I feel my manager can provide me with needed technical knowledge.
21.My team members will all do their share of the work because we have always been told that in a group project, members should divide and share the work among each other.
22.My team members will submit deliverables on time because it is known that in a group project,delay in submission will lead to deduction in the grade.
23.My team members will all do their best because their professors expect that they will always give their best effort in such projects.
24.My team members will all do their best because this project is for them to learn and gain experience about real problems that organizations face, and the instructor is arranging this for our benefit.
25.I often provide the knowledge from company’s training program or further education to our team members.
26.I often provide my personal working experience and knowledge to our team members.
27.I often provide company’s data, for example technical reports and manuals to other team members.
28.I often provide the data from magazines and newspaper to our team members.

计分方法

权力，信任和知识分享模型量表共28道题，
权力分量表包括五个维度：
奖赏权维度共四道题，具体包括第1-4题；
强制权维度共四道题，具体包括第5-8题；
合法权维度共四道题，具体包括第9-12题；
专家权维度共四道题，具体包括第13-16题。

信任分量表共四道题，具体包括第17-20题。

知识分享行为分量表共四道题，具体包括第21-24题。

可以计算平均分或总分。

量表出处

Liao,L.-F. (2008, October). Knowledge-sharing in R&D departments: A social power and social exchange theory perspective. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, 1881–1895.

参考文献

Hinkin, T.R., and Schriesheim, C.A. (1989), ‘Development and Application of New Scales to Measure the French and Raven (1959) Bases of Social Power,’ Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 4, 561–567.

Sarker, S., Valacich, J.S., and Sarker, S. (2003), ‘Virtual Team Trust: Instrument Development and Validation in an IS Educational Environment,’ Information Resources Management, 16, 2, 35–55.

Bock, G.W., and Kim, Y. (2002), ‘Breaking the Myths of Rewards: An Exploratory Study of Attitudes About Knowledge Sharing,’ Information Resources Management Journal, 15, 2, 14–21.

友情提醒

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