Dynamic Capabilities Questionnaire 动态能力问卷（Pavlou & El Sawy，2011）

简介

管理者在动荡环境中面临的主要挑战是迅速做出正确的决定。动态能力理论可以帮助管理人员拓展、优化和重组现有的技能，以更好地应对动荡的环境。动态能力理论兼顾企业的内部和外部来考察企业战略问题,同时将一些新的资产——制度资产、市场资产也纳入到研究的范围；该理论指出,企业可以通过学习获取和使用外部能力(市场中及其它企业的公共资源和部分战略资源) ,从而更好地保持企业竞争优势对市场环境的敏感性。

然而，如果无法有效地测量动态能力，管理人员在动荡环境中很难做出正确的决策。Pavlou & El Sawy（2011）回顾动力能力相关文献，确定了感知环境、学习、协调和整合的四种能力，同时提出了一个结构模型。

信度与效度

Pavlou & El Sawy（2011）研究的情景是新产品的开发（new product development，NPD），使用相同的测量方式和数据收集方法进行了两次调查。研究对象主要是新产品开发经理，研究1包括386位参与者，研究2包括161位参与者，最终各有121位（39%）和59位（43%）参与者回复了调查。 结果表明，动态能力量表的内部一致性系数为0.91，四个分量表：感知环境能力、学习能力、整合能力和协调能力的内部一致性系数分别为0.78、0.88、0.84和0.85。探索性因素分析表明，所有的因子负荷均大于0.60。验证性因素分析表明，χ²=1067,χ²/df = 1.44，GFI=0.91，AGFI=0.90，NFI=0.95，CFI=0.97，RMR=0.04。

量表

请您根据自己的实际感受和体会，对下面19项描述进行评价和判断，并在最符合的数字上划○。评价和判断的标准如下： 1 非常不同意 2 不同意 3 不好确定 4 同意 5 非常同意
Instructions: “Please rate the effectiveness by which your work unit reconfigures its operational capabilities in the NPD process to address rapidly-changing environments relative to your major competitors.”

Sensing capability
1.We frequently scan the environment to identify new business opportunities.
2.We periodically review the likely effect of changes in our business environment on customers.
3.We often review our product development efforts to ensure they are in line with what the customers want.
4.We devote a lot of time implementing ideas for new products and improving our existing products.

Learning capability
5.We have effective routines to identify, value, and import new information and knowledge.
6.We have adequate routines to assimilate new information and knowledge.
7.We are effective in transforming existing information into new knowledge.
8.We are effective in utilizing knowledge into new products.
9.We are effective in developing new knowledge that has the potential to influence product development.

Integrating capability
10.We are forthcoming in contributing our individual input to the group.
11.We have a global understanding of each other’s tasks and responsibilities.
12.We are fully aware who in the group has specialized skills and knowledge relevant to our work.
13.We carefully interrelate our actions to each other to meet changing conditions.
14.Group members manage to successfully interconnect their activities.

Coordinating capability
15.We ensure that the output of our work is synchronized with the work of others.
16.We ensure an appropriate allocation of resources (e.g., information, time, reports) within our group.
17.Group members are assigned to tasks commensurate with their task-relevant knowledge and skills.
18.We ensure that there is compatibility between group members expertise and work processes.
19.Overall, our group is well coordinated.

计分方法

动态能力量表包括感知环境能力、学习能力、整合能力和协调能力四个分量表，共19道题，可以计算量表所包含题目的总分和平均分。
感知环境能力量表：共4道题，包括第1-4题。
学习能力量表：共5道题，包括第5-9题。
协调能力量表：共5道题，包括第10-14题。
整合能力量表：共4道题，包括第15-19题。

量表出处

Pavlou, P. A., & El Sawy, O. A. (2011). Understanding the elusive black box of dynamic capabilities. Decision Sciences, 42(1), 239-273.

友情提醒

为方便学术研究，根据公开发表的学术成果整理而成，供学者在学术研究中使用， 商业使用请与原作者联系。为了尊重作者的劳动成果， 请根据量表出处规范引用，谢谢！