Authoritarianism Scale 威权主义量表
威权主义（Duckitt J, Bizumic B, Krauss S W, et al. 2010） （Authoritarianism）
简介 威权主义指政府要求人民绝对服从其权威的原则，而不是个人的思想和行动自由。在管理学领域，具有威权主义人格的领导，要求下属绝对服从，对下属专制、严格，并通过压迫下属来管理。 Duckitt J, Bizumic B, Krauss S W, et al.(2010)基于右翼威权主义，开发了一个三分模型量表，量表包括三个维度，分别是威权主义Authoritarianism (“威权主义侵略”Authoritarian Aggression)、保守主义Conservatism (“威权主义屈服”Authoritarian Submission)和传统主义Traditionalism。
信度与效度 威权主义、保守主义和传统主义的内部一致性系数分别为0.83、0.83、0.89，ACT量表总信度为0.91。样本量为344名新西兰学生的验证性因子分析表明，三因子模型的ACT量表具有较好的结构效度，拟合指数较为理想，2=264.0，RMSEA=0.061，SRMR=0.065，GFI=0.95，CFI=0.95。
量表 参与者根据自己的感受和体会，对下面各项描述进行评价和判断（ “1”为完全不符合,“9”为完全符合，由“1”到“9”代表符合程度由低到高。）： Authoritarianism (“Authoritarian Aggression”) 完全不符合 基本不符合 较为不符合 稍微不符合 不确定 稍微符合 较为符合 基本符合 完全符合 1 Strong, tough government will harm not help our country (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 Being kind to loafers or criminals will only encourage them to take advantage of your weakness, so it’s best to use a firm, tough hand when dealing with them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 Our society does NOT need tougher government and stricter laws (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 The facts on crime and the recent public disorders show we have to crack down harder on troublemakers, if we are going preserve law and order. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 Our prisons are a shocking disgrace. Criminals are unfortunate people who deserve much better care, instead of so much punishment (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 6 The way things are going in this country, it’s going to take a lot of “strong medicine” to straighten out the troublemakers, criminals, and perverts. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 We should smash all the negative elements that are causing trouble in our society. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 The situation in our country is getting so serious, the strongest methods would be justified if they eliminated the troublemakers and got us back to our true path. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 People who say our laws should be enforced more strictly and harshly are wrong. We need greater tolerance and more lenient treatment for lawbreakers(R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 The courts are right in being easy on drug offenders. Punishment would not do any good in cases like these (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 What our country really needs is a tough, harsh dose of law and order. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 Capital punishment is barbaric and never justified (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Conservatism (“Authoritarian Submission”) 完全不符合 基本不符合 较为不符合 稍微不符合 不确定 稍微符合 较为符合 基本符合 完全符合 1 It’s great that many young people today are prepared to defy authority (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 What our country needs most is discipline, with everyone following our leaders in unity. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 Students at high schools and at university must be encouraged to challenge, criticize, and confront established authorities (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 Obedience and respect for authority are the most important virtues children should learn. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 Our country will be great if we show respect for authority and obey our leaders. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 6 People should be ready to protest against and challenge laws they don’t agree with (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 People should be allowed to make speeches and write books urging the overthrow of the government (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 The more people there are that are prepared to criticize the authorities, challenge and protest against the government, the better it is for society (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 People should stop teaching children to obey authority (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 The real keys to the “good life” are respect for authority and obedience to those who are in charge. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 The authorities should be obeyed because they are in the best position to know what is good for our country. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 Our leaders should be obeyed without question. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Traditionalism 完全不符合 基本不符合 较为不符合 稍微不符合 不确定 稍微符合 较为符合 基本符合 完全符合 1 Nobody should stick to the “straight and narrow.” Instead people should break loose and try out lots of different ideas and experiences (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 The “old-fashioned ways” and “old-fashioned values” still show the best way to live. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 God’s laws about abortion, pornography, and marriage must be strictly followed before it is too late. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 There is absolutely nothing wrong with nudist camps (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 This country will flourish if young people stop experimenting with drugs, alcohol, and sex, and pay more attention to family values. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 6 There is nothing wrong with premarital sexual intercourse (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 Traditional values, customs, and morality have a lot wrong with them (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 Everyone should have their own lifestyle, religious beliefs, and sexual preferences, even if it makes them different from everyone else (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 The radical and sinful new ways of living and behaving of many young people may one day destroy our society. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Trashy magazines and radical literature in our communities are poisoning the minds of our young people. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 It is important that we preserve our traditional values and moral standards. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 People should pay less attention to the bible and the other old-fashioned forms of religious guidance, and instead develop their own personal standards of what is moral and immoral (R). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
计分方法 威权主义量表包括36道题，一共有3个分量表，每个量表各12题，采用9点计分法。量表得分通过每项得分相加，再除以题项总数来计算。
量表出处 Duckitt J, Bizumic B, Krauss S W, et al. A Tripartite Approach to Right‐Wing Authoritarianism: The Authoritarianism‐Conservatism‐Traditionalism Model[J]. Political Psychology, 2010, 31(5):685-715.
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