Employee and Employer Obligations Scale 雇主与雇员义务量表

简介

新雇员正式进入组织要经过社会化的过程。Payne. et al. (2008)认为雇员的预期心理契约包括雇员自己的义务和雇主的义务，在雇员正式进入组织就已形成，预期心里契约将影响雇员的社会化过程。

为测量新雇员的心理契约，Lapierre, L. M. et al.（2016）在前人研究的基础上选择了41个题项，同时剔除了重复性的题项，并使之适用于军队情景；然后，对被选择的部门中的专业人员、军官和副级军官、新兵分别进行了两次访谈。通过分析这些数据，编制了各包含22个题项的雇主义务量表和雇员义务量表。

信度与效度

Lapierre, L. M. et al.（2016）在欧洲国家的军队招募的军官和副级军官等候选人中选择样本进行研究，共收集了两次数据，第一次在开始训练注册日，第二次在8周后，也即军事训练结束日，共获得144份有效问卷。第一次调查数据结果显示，雇员义务量表信度α=0.93，雇主义务量表信度α=0.91；第二次调查数据结果显示，雇员义务量表信度α=0.90，雇主义务量表信度α=0.91。

量表

请您根据自己的实际感受和体会，仔细考虑下列各题描述的情况，在最符合的数字上划○。评价和判断的标准如下:1 非常不同意 2 不同意 3 有点不同意 4 有点同意 5 同意 6非常同意
1.Working extra hours.
2.Being able to live communally and sometimes in crowded conditions.
3.Sharing information with your colleagues.
4.Showing flexibility in your work.
5.Being disciplined about studying.
6.Assisting your colleagues in their work.
7.Using the resources you receive from the organization honestly.
8.Updating your knowledge, skills, and competencies.
9.Following the defense force’s policies and rules.
10.Engaging yourself long-term in the defense force.
11.Adapting to your new work environment.
12.Looking for new ideas and better ways of doing the job.
13.Exceeding job performance expectations.
14.Staying the required period after your training.
15.Adapting yourself to potential changes in your work.
16.Cooperate well with your colleagues.
17.Being permanently available for the defense force.
18.Showing transparency in your work (decisions, information, and results).
19.Being willing to take the initiative.
20.Being able to make decisions quickly and wisely.
21.Getting along with your colleagues.
22.Adhering to the values of the defense force.
23.Adhering to the values of the defense force.
24.Opportunities to manage people.
25.An environment where everyone has equal opportunities.
26.A job compatible with your personal life.
27.A good atmosphere at work.
28.Flexibility in scheduling work.
29.Opportunity to have inter-professional and international contacts.
30.A job combining field and clerical work.
31.Good mutual cooperation among colleagues.
32.Opportunity for free training.
33.Recognition for rendered service.
34.Guidance during the training program.
35.Fringe benefits (free health care, etc.).
36.A good communication among colleagues.
37.Opportunity to do interesting and varied work.
38.Positives relationships between colleagues.
39.Concern for your personal welfare (moral and psychological support).
40.Supportive work environment.
41.Opportunities for mutation (change of workplace and position).
42.A job that provides autonomy and control.
43.Quality management.
44.Equitable and fair people management practices.

下载WORD版问卷：文件:Eeo.doc

计分方法

雇主与雇员义务量表分为两个部分，包括雇员义务和雇主义务，需要分别计算两个量表所包括题目的总分或平均分。每个分量表包括的题目如下：
雇员义务：是雇员认为他们有义务为雇主贡献的程度。题目包括1-22题。
雇主义务：是雇员认为他们的雇主有义务为其提供诱因的程度。题目包括23-44题。

量表出处

Lapierre, L. M., Steenbergen, E. F. V., Peeters, M. C. W., & Kluwer, E. S. (2015). Juggling work and family responsibilities when involuntarily working more from home: a multiwave study of financial sales professionals. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 37, 804–822.

参考文献

Vos, A. D., Buyens, D., & Schalk, R. (2003). Psychological contract development during organizational socialization: adaptation to reality and the role of reciprocity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(5), 537-559.
Coyle-Shapiro, J. A.-M., & Neuman, J. (2004). Individual dispositions and the psychological contract: The moderating effects of exchange and creditor ideologies. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64, 150–164.
Rousseau, D. M. (1990). New hire perceptions of their own and their employer's obligations: a study of psychological contracts. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11(5), 389–400.
Shore, L. M., & Barksdale, K. (1998). Examining degree of balance and level of obligation in the employment relationship: a social exchange approach. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(S1), 731–744.
Payne, S. C., Culbertson, S. S., Boswell, W. R., & Barger, E. J. (2008). Newcomer psychological contracts and employee socialization activities: does perceived balance in obligations matter? ☆. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3), 465-472.

友情提醒

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