查看“Empathic Scale 共情量表”的源代码

== 简介 ==
共情指的是个体在与人交往的过程中共享并理解他人的情绪状态的倾向,包括认知共情和情绪共情两种成分。现实生活中的共情总是发生在一定的具体情境中,受到情境因素的影响。其中,情境的公开性或私密性、意义性等均在不同程度上影响了共情的产生或共情反应的强烈程度。共情对象在特定情境中与共情主体之间的群际关系、人际关系等也是重要的情境因素,共情主体对于和自己属于同一群体或拥有较亲密人际关系的他人更容易产生共情。

== 信度与效度 ==
共情量表包括冒险、信息获取、归属感、部门间冲突、自主性内五个分量表，内部一致性系数分别为0.86,0.82,0.81,0.86,0.80，有较好的信度。

== 量表 ==
请您根据自己的实际感受和体会，用下面12项描述对您对这项服务的感受进行评价和判断，并在最符合的数字上划○。评价和判断的标准如下： 
1 非常不同意 2 不同意 3有点不同意 4 有点同意 5 同意 6 非常同意

1.I am encouraged to speak my mind about the way I think things should be done within the organization.<br>
2.I am afraid to take chances with "risky" ideas in this organization.(R)<br>
3.Here I can take chances without fear of negative repercussions.<br>
4.I am discouraged from experimenting with new ways of solving company problems.(R)<br>
5.It is fatal to make a mistake here.(R)<br>
6.I get very little information about what other people are doing.(R)<br>
7.It is difficult for me to approach senior management with a concern.(R)<br>
8.I am up to date on what is going on in the organization.<br>
9.In my department we are the last to hear about anything.(R)<br>
10.I can go to top management with a problem and get heard.<br>
11.I believe that senior management is "in touch" with the opinions and thinking of the people who work here.<br>
12.I feel accepted here.<br>
13.I often feel like an outsider in this company.(R）<br>
14.I feel valued by the company.<br>
15.Turf struggles among departments are common here.(R)<br>
16.At [site name] the departments "rise and fall" as one; there is little territorialism here.<br>
17.By and large the different departments work cooperatively to an unusual degree in this company.<br>
18.I believe that conflicts between departments get in the way of getting things done.(R)<br>
19.I am managed too tightly.(R)<br>
20.I can use my personal initiative and judgment in carrying out my work.(R)<br>
21.I seldom get a chance to do things without management "holding my hand."(R)<br>
22.I am very closely supervised in my work.(R)<br>
注释：R代表要反向计分。

== 计分方法 ==
共情量表量表共22道题，包括冒险、信息获取、归属感、部门间冲突、自主性内五个分量表，<br>
冒险分量表共5道题，具体包括第1、2、3、4、5题；<br>
信息获取分量表共6道题，具体包括第6、7、8、9、10、11题；<br>
归属感分量表共3道题，具体包括第12、13、14题；<br>
部门间冲突分量表共4道题，具体包括第15、16、17、18题；<br>
自主性分量表共4道题，具体包括第19、20、21、22题。<br>
可以计算平均分或总分。

== 量表出处 ==
Ibarra, H., & Andrews, S. B.(1993). Power, social influence, and sense making: Effects of network centrality and proximity on employee perceptions.Administrative Science Quarterly,38,277–303.

== 参考文献 ==
Alderfer, Clayton P., and David L.Brown.(1972). Designing an empathicquestionnaire for organizational research.Journal of Applied Psychology,56,456-468.

== 友情提醒 ==
为方便学术研究，根据公开发表的学术成果整理而成，供学者在学术研究中使用， <b><font color="red">商业使用请与原作者联系</font></b>。为了尊重作者的劳动成果， <b><font color="blue">请根据量表出处规范引用</font></b>，谢谢！

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